Power transformers need to be protected from damages caused by internal and external faults. Power transformer can be protected from the internal faults by Differential Relay. This task is performed by relay protection which detects the fault situation and gives command to the relevant circuit breaker(s) to disconnect the faulty equipment from the rest of the power system. Power transformers are normally protected by differential protection relays.
Breaker Schemes in Substations — Types, Design, Advantages, Disadvantages, and Comparison Author: Engr. Aneel Kumar Figure 1: Infographic overview of breaker schemes commonly used in substations. Introduction The breaker scheme or busbar arrangement in a substation defines how incoming feeders, outgoing feeders, and power transformers are connected to the bus. The choice of scheme has a direct impact on system reliability, maintainability, safety, and cost . A simple bus scheme is economical but vulnerable to outages, while advanced schemes such as breaker-and-a-half or double-bus/double-breaker provide very high reliability but at much higher cost and design complexity. Engineers select breaker schemes considering fault tolerance, maintenance needs, space requirements, expansion possibilities, protection coordination, and capital investment . Below, we explain eac...
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